From 0dab894a5be9f7d10d85e89dea91d02c71bae84d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Edmond Yoo <hj3yoo@uwaterloo.ca>
Date: Sun, 16 Sep 2018 03:24:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Moving files from MTGCardDetector repo

---
 src/image.c | 1586 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 1 files changed, 1,418 insertions(+), 168 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/image.c b/src/image.c
index bf6ce6a..7cf3dc0 100644
--- a/src/image.c
+++ b/src/image.c
@@ -1,8 +1,28 @@
 #include "image.h"
 #include "utils.h"
+#include "blas.h"
+#include "cuda.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image.h"
+#define STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image_write.h"
+
+#ifdef OPENCV
+#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui_c.h"
+#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc_c.h"
+#include "opencv2/core/types_c.h"
+#include "opencv2/core/version.hpp"
+#ifndef CV_VERSION_EPOCH
+#include "opencv2/videoio/videoio_c.h"
+#include "opencv2/imgcodecs/imgcodecs_c.h"
+#include "http_stream.h"
+#endif
+#include "http_stream.h"
+#endif
+
 int windows = 0;
 
 float colors[6][3] = { {1,0,1}, {0,0,1},{0,1,1},{0,1,0},{1,1,0},{1,0,0} };
@@ -18,6 +38,125 @@
     return r;
 }
 
+static float get_pixel(image m, int x, int y, int c)
+{
+    assert(x < m.w && y < m.h && c < m.c);
+    return m.data[c*m.h*m.w + y*m.w + x];
+}
+static float get_pixel_extend(image m, int x, int y, int c)
+{
+    if (x < 0 || x >= m.w || y < 0 || y >= m.h) return 0;
+    /*
+    if(x < 0) x = 0;
+    if(x >= m.w) x = m.w-1;
+    if(y < 0) y = 0;
+    if(y >= m.h) y = m.h-1;
+    */
+    if (c < 0 || c >= m.c) return 0;
+    return get_pixel(m, x, y, c);
+}
+static void set_pixel(image m, int x, int y, int c, float val)
+{
+    if (x < 0 || y < 0 || c < 0 || x >= m.w || y >= m.h || c >= m.c) return;
+    assert(x < m.w && y < m.h && c < m.c);
+    m.data[c*m.h*m.w + y*m.w + x] = val;
+}
+static void add_pixel(image m, int x, int y, int c, float val)
+{
+    assert(x < m.w && y < m.h && c < m.c);
+    m.data[c*m.h*m.w + y*m.w + x] += val;
+}
+
+void composite_image(image source, image dest, int dx, int dy)
+{
+    int x,y,k;
+    for(k = 0; k < source.c; ++k){
+        for(y = 0; y < source.h; ++y){
+            for(x = 0; x < source.w; ++x){
+                float val = get_pixel(source, x, y, k);
+                float val2 = get_pixel_extend(dest, dx+x, dy+y, k);
+                set_pixel(dest, dx+x, dy+y, k, val * val2);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+image border_image(image a, int border)
+{
+    image b = make_image(a.w + 2*border, a.h + 2*border, a.c);
+    int x,y,k;
+    for(k = 0; k < b.c; ++k){
+        for(y = 0; y < b.h; ++y){
+            for(x = 0; x < b.w; ++x){
+                float val = get_pixel_extend(a, x - border, y - border, k);
+                if(x - border < 0 || x - border >= a.w || y - border < 0 || y - border >= a.h) val = 1;
+                set_pixel(b, x, y, k, val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return b;
+}
+
+image tile_images(image a, image b, int dx)
+{
+    if(a.w == 0) return copy_image(b);
+    image c = make_image(a.w + b.w + dx, (a.h > b.h) ? a.h : b.h, (a.c > b.c) ? a.c : b.c);
+    fill_cpu(c.w*c.h*c.c, 1, c.data, 1);
+    embed_image(a, c, 0, 0);
+    composite_image(b, c, a.w + dx, 0);
+    return c;
+}
+
+image get_label(image **characters, char *string, int size)
+{
+    if(size > 7) size = 7;
+    image label = make_empty_image(0,0,0);
+    while(*string){
+        image l = characters[size][(int)*string];
+        image n = tile_images(label, l, -size - 1 + (size+1)/2);
+        free_image(label);
+        label = n;
+        ++string;
+    }
+    image b = border_image(label, label.h*.25);
+    free_image(label);
+    return b;
+}
+
+image get_label_v3(image **characters, char *string, int size)
+{
+    size = size / 10;
+    if (size > 7) size = 7;
+    image label = make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+    while (*string) {
+        image l = characters[size][(int)*string];
+        image n = tile_images(label, l, -size - 1 + (size + 1) / 2);
+        free_image(label);
+        label = n;
+        ++string;
+    }
+    image b = border_image(label, label.h*.25);
+    free_image(label);
+    return b;
+}
+
+void draw_label(image a, int r, int c, image label, const float *rgb)
+{
+    int w = label.w;
+    int h = label.h;
+    if (r - h >= 0) r = r - h;
+
+    int i, j, k;
+    for(j = 0; j < h && j + r < a.h; ++j){
+        for(i = 0; i < w && i + c < a.w; ++i){
+            for(k = 0; k < label.c; ++k){
+                float val = get_pixel(label, i, j, k);
+                set_pixel(a, i+c, j+r, k, rgb[k] * val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 void draw_box(image a, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, float r, float g, float b)
 {
     //normalize_image(a);
@@ -32,25 +171,568 @@
     if(y2 < 0) y2 = 0;
     if(y2 >= a.h) y2 = a.h-1;
 
-    for(i = x1; i < x2; ++i){
-        a.data[i + y1*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = b;
-        a.data[i + y2*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = b;
+    for(i = x1; i <= x2; ++i){
+        a.data[i + y1*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = r;
+        a.data[i + y2*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = r;
 
         a.data[i + y1*a.w + 1*a.w*a.h] = g;
         a.data[i + y2*a.w + 1*a.w*a.h] = g;
 
-        a.data[i + y1*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = r;
-        a.data[i + y2*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = r;
+        a.data[i + y1*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = b;
+        a.data[i + y2*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = b;
     }
-    for(i = y1; i < y2; ++i){
-        a.data[x1 + i*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = b;
-        a.data[x2 + i*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = b;
+    for(i = y1; i <= y2; ++i){
+        a.data[x1 + i*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = r;
+        a.data[x2 + i*a.w + 0*a.w*a.h] = r;
 
         a.data[x1 + i*a.w + 1*a.w*a.h] = g;
         a.data[x2 + i*a.w + 1*a.w*a.h] = g;
 
-        a.data[x1 + i*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = r;
-        a.data[x2 + i*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = r;
+        a.data[x1 + i*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = b;
+        a.data[x2 + i*a.w + 2*a.w*a.h] = b;
+    }
+}
+
+void draw_box_width(image a, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int w, float r, float g, float b)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < w; ++i){
+        draw_box(a, x1+i, y1+i, x2-i, y2-i, r, g, b);
+    }
+}
+
+void draw_bbox(image a, box bbox, int w, float r, float g, float b)
+{
+    int left  = (bbox.x-bbox.w/2)*a.w;
+    int right = (bbox.x+bbox.w/2)*a.w;
+    int top   = (bbox.y-bbox.h/2)*a.h;
+    int bot   = (bbox.y+bbox.h/2)*a.h;
+
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < w; ++i){
+        draw_box(a, left+i, top+i, right-i, bot-i, r, g, b);
+    }
+}
+
+image **load_alphabet()
+{
+    int i, j;
+    const int nsize = 8;
+    image **alphabets = calloc(nsize, sizeof(image));
+    for(j = 0; j < nsize; ++j){
+        alphabets[j] = calloc(128, sizeof(image));
+        for(i = 32; i < 127; ++i){
+            char buff[256];
+            sprintf(buff, "data/labels/%d_%d.png", i, j);
+            alphabets[j][i] = load_image_color(buff, 0, 0);
+        }
+    }
+    return alphabets;
+}
+
+
+
+// Creates array of detections with prob > thresh and fills best_class for them
+detection_with_class* get_actual_detections(detection *dets, int dets_num, float thresh, int* selected_detections_num)
+{
+    int selected_num = 0;
+    detection_with_class* result_arr = calloc(dets_num, sizeof(detection_with_class));
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < dets_num; ++i) {
+        int best_class = -1;
+        float best_class_prob = thresh;
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < dets[i].classes; ++j) {
+            if (dets[i].prob[j] > best_class_prob ) {
+                best_class = j;
+                best_class_prob = dets[i].prob[j];
+            }
+        }
+        if (best_class >= 0) {
+            result_arr[selected_num].det = dets[i];
+            result_arr[selected_num].best_class = best_class;
+            ++selected_num;
+        }
+    }
+    if (selected_detections_num)
+        *selected_detections_num = selected_num;
+    return result_arr;
+}
+
+// compare to sort detection** by bbox.x
+int compare_by_lefts(const void *a_ptr, const void *b_ptr) {
+    const detection_with_class* a = (detection_with_class*)a_ptr;
+    const detection_with_class* b = (detection_with_class*)b_ptr;
+    const float delta = (a->det.bbox.x - a->det.bbox.w/2) - (b->det.bbox.x - b->det.bbox.w/2);
+    return delta < 0 ? -1 : delta > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+// compare to sort detection** by best_class probability
+int compare_by_probs(const void *a_ptr, const void *b_ptr) {
+    const detection_with_class* a = (detection_with_class*)a_ptr;
+    const detection_with_class* b = (detection_with_class*)b_ptr;
+    float delta = a->det.prob[a->best_class] - b->det.prob[b->best_class];
+    return delta < 0 ? -1 : delta > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+void draw_detections_v3(image im, detection *dets, int num, float thresh, char **names, image **alphabet, int classes, int ext_output)
+{
+    int selected_detections_num;
+    detection_with_class* selected_detections = get_actual_detections(dets, num, thresh, &selected_detections_num);
+
+    // text output
+    qsort(selected_detections, selected_detections_num, sizeof(*selected_detections), compare_by_lefts);
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < selected_detections_num; ++i) {
+        const int best_class = selected_detections[i].best_class;
+        printf("%s: %.0f%%", names[best_class],    selected_detections[i].det.prob[best_class] * 100);
+        if (ext_output)
+            printf("\t(left_x: %4.0f   top_y: %4.0f   width: %4.0f   height: %4.0f)\n",
+                (selected_detections[i].det.bbox.x - selected_detections[i].det.bbox.w / 2)*im.w,
+                (selected_detections[i].det.bbox.y - selected_detections[i].det.bbox.h / 2)*im.h,
+                selected_detections[i].det.bbox.w*im.w, selected_detections[i].det.bbox.h*im.h);
+        else
+            printf("\n");
+        int j;
+        for (j = 0; j < classes; ++j) {
+            if (selected_detections[i].det.prob[j] > thresh && j != best_class) {
+                printf("%s: %.0f%%\n", names[j], selected_detections[i].det.prob[j] * 100);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // image output
+    qsort(selected_detections, selected_detections_num, sizeof(*selected_detections), compare_by_probs);
+    for (i = 0; i < selected_detections_num; ++i) {
+            int width = im.h * .006;
+            if (width < 1)
+                width = 1;
+
+            /*
+            if(0){
+            width = pow(prob, 1./2.)*10+1;
+            alphabet = 0;
+            }
+            */
+
+            //printf("%d %s: %.0f%%\n", i, names[selected_detections[i].best_class], prob*100);
+            int offset = selected_detections[i].best_class * 123457 % classes;
+            float red = get_color(2, offset, classes);
+            float green = get_color(1, offset, classes);
+            float blue = get_color(0, offset, classes);
+            float rgb[3];
+
+            //width = prob*20+2;
+
+            rgb[0] = red;
+            rgb[1] = green;
+            rgb[2] = blue;
+            box b = selected_detections[i].det.bbox;
+            //printf("%f %f %f %f\n", b.x, b.y, b.w, b.h);
+
+            int left = (b.x - b.w / 2.)*im.w;
+            int right = (b.x + b.w / 2.)*im.w;
+            int top = (b.y - b.h / 2.)*im.h;
+            int bot = (b.y + b.h / 2.)*im.h;
+
+            if (left < 0) left = 0;
+            if (right > im.w - 1) right = im.w - 1;
+            if (top < 0) top = 0;
+            if (bot > im.h - 1) bot = im.h - 1;
+
+            //int b_x_center = (left + right) / 2;
+            //int b_y_center = (top + bot) / 2;
+            //int b_width = right - left;
+            //int b_height = bot - top;
+            //sprintf(labelstr, "%d x %d - w: %d, h: %d", b_x_center, b_y_center, b_width, b_height);
+
+            draw_box_width(im, left, top, right, bot, width, red, green, blue);
+            if (alphabet) {
+                char labelstr[4096] = { 0 };
+                strcat(labelstr, names[selected_detections[i].best_class]);
+                int j;
+                for (j = 0; j < classes; ++j) {
+                    if (selected_detections[i].det.prob[j] > thresh && j != selected_detections[i].best_class) {
+                        strcat(labelstr, ", ");
+                        strcat(labelstr, names[j]);
+                    }
+                }
+                image label = get_label_v3(alphabet, labelstr, (im.h*.03));
+                draw_label(im, top + width, left, label, rgb);
+                free_image(label);
+            }
+            if (selected_detections[i].det.mask) {
+                image mask = float_to_image(14, 14, 1, selected_detections[i].det.mask);
+                image resized_mask = resize_image(mask, b.w*im.w, b.h*im.h);
+                image tmask = threshold_image(resized_mask, .5);
+                embed_image(tmask, im, left, top);
+                free_image(mask);
+                free_image(resized_mask);
+                free_image(tmask);
+            }
+    }
+    free(selected_detections);
+}
+
+void draw_detections(image im, int num, float thresh, box *boxes, float **probs, char **names, image **alphabet, int classes)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for(i = 0; i < num; ++i){
+        int class_id = max_index(probs[i], classes);
+        float prob = probs[i][class_id];
+        if(prob > thresh){
+
+            //// for comparison with OpenCV version of DNN Darknet Yolo v2
+            //printf("\n %f, %f, %f, %f, ", boxes[i].x, boxes[i].y, boxes[i].w, boxes[i].h);
+            // int k;
+            //for (k = 0; k < classes; ++k) {
+            //    printf("%f, ", probs[i][k]);
+            //}
+            //printf("\n");
+
+            int width = im.h * .012;
+
+            if(0){
+                width = pow(prob, 1./2.)*10+1;
+                alphabet = 0;
+            }
+
+            int offset = class_id*123457 % classes;
+            float red = get_color(2,offset,classes);
+            float green = get_color(1,offset,classes);
+            float blue = get_color(0,offset,classes);
+            float rgb[3];
+
+            //width = prob*20+2;
+
+            rgb[0] = red;
+            rgb[1] = green;
+            rgb[2] = blue;
+            box b = boxes[i];
+
+            int left  = (b.x-b.w/2.)*im.w;
+            int right = (b.x+b.w/2.)*im.w;
+            int top   = (b.y-b.h/2.)*im.h;
+            int bot   = (b.y+b.h/2.)*im.h;
+
+            if(left < 0) left = 0;
+            if(right > im.w-1) right = im.w-1;
+            if(top < 0) top = 0;
+            if(bot > im.h-1) bot = im.h-1;
+            printf("%s: %.0f%%", names[class_id], prob * 100);
+
+            //printf(" - id: %d, x_center: %d, y_center: %d, width: %d, height: %d",
+            //    class_id, (right + left) / 2, (bot - top) / 2, right - left, bot - top);
+
+            printf("\n");
+            draw_box_width(im, left, top, right, bot, width, red, green, blue);
+            if (alphabet) {
+                image label = get_label(alphabet, names[class_id], (im.h*.03)/10);
+                draw_label(im, top + width, left, label, rgb);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef OPENCV
+
+void draw_detections_cv_v3(IplImage* show_img, detection *dets, int num, float thresh, char **names, image **alphabet, int classes, int ext_output)
+{
+    int i, j;
+    if (!show_img) return;
+    static int frame_id = 0;
+    frame_id++;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
+        char labelstr[4096] = { 0 };
+        int class_id = -1;
+        for (j = 0; j < classes; ++j) {
+            if (dets[i].prob[j] > thresh) {
+                if (class_id < 0) {
+                    strcat(labelstr, names[j]);
+                    class_id = j;
+                }
+                else {
+                    strcat(labelstr, ", ");
+                    strcat(labelstr, names[j]);
+                }
+                printf("%s: %.0f%% ", names[j], dets[i].prob[j] * 100);
+            }
+        }
+        if (class_id >= 0) {
+            int width = show_img->height * .006;
+
+            //if(0){
+            //width = pow(prob, 1./2.)*10+1;
+            //alphabet = 0;
+            //}
+
+            //printf("%d %s: %.0f%%\n", i, names[class_id], prob*100);
+            int offset = class_id * 123457 % classes;
+            float red = get_color(2, offset, classes);
+            float green = get_color(1, offset, classes);
+            float blue = get_color(0, offset, classes);
+            float rgb[3];
+
+            //width = prob*20+2;
+
+            rgb[0] = red;
+            rgb[1] = green;
+            rgb[2] = blue;
+            box b = dets[i].bbox;
+            b.w = (b.w < 1) ? b.w : 1;
+            b.h = (b.h < 1) ? b.h : 1;
+            b.x = (b.x < 1) ? b.x : 1;
+            b.y = (b.y < 1) ? b.y : 1;
+            //printf("%f %f %f %f\n", b.x, b.y, b.w, b.h);
+
+            int left = (b.x - b.w / 2.)*show_img->width;
+            int right = (b.x + b.w / 2.)*show_img->width;
+            int top = (b.y - b.h / 2.)*show_img->height;
+            int bot = (b.y + b.h / 2.)*show_img->height;
+
+            if (left < 0) left = 0;
+            if (right > show_img->width - 1) right = show_img->width - 1;
+            if (top < 0) top = 0;
+            if (bot > show_img->height - 1) bot = show_img->height - 1;
+
+            //int b_x_center = (left + right) / 2;
+            //int b_y_center = (top + bot) / 2;
+            //int b_width = right - left;
+            //int b_height = bot - top;
+            //sprintf(labelstr, "%d x %d - w: %d, h: %d", b_x_center, b_y_center, b_width, b_height);
+
+            float const font_size = show_img->height / 1000.F;
+            CvPoint pt1, pt2, pt_text, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2;
+            pt1.x = left;
+            pt1.y = top;
+            pt2.x = right;
+            pt2.y = bot;
+            pt_text.x = left;
+            pt_text.y = top - 12;
+            pt_text_bg1.x = left;
+            pt_text_bg1.y = top - (10 + 25 * font_size);
+            pt_text_bg2.x = right;
+            pt_text_bg2.y = top;
+            CvScalar color;
+            color.val[0] = red * 256;
+            color.val[1] = green * 256;
+            color.val[2] = blue * 256;
+
+            // you should create directory: result_img
+            //static int copied_frame_id = -1;
+            //static IplImage* copy_img = NULL;
+            //if (copied_frame_id != frame_id) {
+            //    copied_frame_id = frame_id;
+            //    if(copy_img == NULL) copy_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(show_img->width, show_img->height), show_img->depth, show_img->nChannels);
+            //    cvCopy(show_img, copy_img, 0);
+            //}
+            //static int img_id = 0;
+            //img_id++;
+            //char image_name[1024];
+            //sprintf(image_name, "result_img/img_%d_%d_%d.jpg", frame_id, img_id, class_id);
+            //CvRect rect = cvRect(pt1.x, pt1.y, pt2.x - pt1.x, pt2.y - pt1.y);
+            //cvSetImageROI(copy_img, rect);
+            //cvSaveImage(image_name, copy_img, 0);
+            //cvResetImageROI(copy_img);
+
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt1, pt2, color, width, 8, 0);
+            if (ext_output)
+                printf("\t(left_x: %4.0f   top_y: %4.0f   width: %4.0f   height: %4.0f)\n",
+                    (float)left, (float)top, b.w*show_img->width, b.h*show_img->height);
+            else
+                printf("\n");
+
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2, color, width, 8, 0);
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2, color, CV_FILLED, 8, 0);    // filled
+            CvScalar black_color;
+            black_color.val[0] = 0;
+            CvFont font;
+            cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, font_size, font_size, 0, font_size * 3, 8);
+            cvPutText(show_img, labelstr, pt_text, &font, black_color);
+        }
+    }
+    if (ext_output) {
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+}
+
+void draw_detections_cv(IplImage* show_img, int num, float thresh, box *boxes, float **probs, char **names, image **alphabet, int classes)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
+        int class_id = max_index(probs[i], classes);
+        float prob = probs[i][class_id];
+        if (prob > thresh) {
+
+            int width = show_img->height * .012;
+
+            if (0) {
+                width = pow(prob, 1. / 2.) * 10 + 1;
+                alphabet = 0;
+            }
+
+            printf("%s: %.0f%%\n", names[class_id], prob * 100);
+            int offset = class_id * 123457 % classes;
+            float red = get_color(2, offset, classes);
+            float green = get_color(1, offset, classes);
+            float blue = get_color(0, offset, classes);
+            float rgb[3];
+
+            //width = prob*20+2;
+
+            rgb[0] = red;
+            rgb[1] = green;
+            rgb[2] = blue;
+            box b = boxes[i];
+
+            int left = (b.x - b.w / 2.)*show_img->width;
+            int right = (b.x + b.w / 2.)*show_img->width;
+            int top = (b.y - b.h / 2.)*show_img->height;
+            int bot = (b.y + b.h / 2.)*show_img->height;
+
+            if (left < 0) left = 0;
+            if (right > show_img->width - 1) right = show_img->width - 1;
+            if (top < 0) top = 0;
+            if (bot > show_img->height - 1) bot = show_img->height - 1;
+
+            float const font_size = show_img->height / 1000.F;
+            CvPoint pt1, pt2, pt_text, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2;
+            pt1.x = left;
+            pt1.y = top;
+            pt2.x = right;
+            pt2.y = bot;
+            pt_text.x = left;
+            pt_text.y = top - 12;
+            pt_text_bg1.x = left;
+            pt_text_bg1.y = top - (10+25*font_size);
+            pt_text_bg2.x = right;
+            pt_text_bg2.y = top;
+            CvScalar color;
+            color.val[0] = red * 256;
+            color.val[1] = green * 256;
+            color.val[2] = blue * 256;
+
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt1, pt2, color, width, 8, 0);
+            //printf("left=%d, right=%d, top=%d, bottom=%d, obj_id=%d, obj=%s \n", left, right, top, bot, class_id, names[class_id]);
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2, color, width, 8, 0);
+            cvRectangle(show_img, pt_text_bg1, pt_text_bg2, color, CV_FILLED, 8, 0);    // filled
+            CvScalar black_color;
+            black_color.val[0] = 0;
+            CvFont font;
+            cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, font_size, font_size, 0, font_size * 3, 8);
+            cvPutText(show_img, names[class_id], pt_text, &font, black_color);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+IplImage* draw_train_chart(float max_img_loss, int max_batches, int number_of_lines, int img_size)
+{
+    int img_offset = 50;
+    int draw_size = img_size - img_offset;
+    IplImage* img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(img_size, img_size), 8, 3);
+    cvSet(img, CV_RGB(255, 255, 255), 0);
+    CvPoint pt1, pt2, pt_text;
+    CvFont font;
+    cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX_SMALL, 0.7, 0.7, 0, 1, CV_AA);
+    char char_buff[100];
+    int i;
+    // vertical lines
+    pt1.x = img_offset; pt2.x = img_size, pt_text.x = 10;
+    for (i = 1; i <= number_of_lines; ++i) {
+        pt1.y = pt2.y = (float)i * draw_size / number_of_lines;
+        cvLine(img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(224, 224, 224), 1, 8, 0);
+        if (i % 10 == 0) {
+            sprintf(char_buff, "%2.1f", max_img_loss*(number_of_lines - i) / number_of_lines);
+            pt_text.y = pt1.y + 5;
+            cvPutText(img, char_buff, pt_text, &font, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0));
+            cvLine(img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(128, 128, 128), 1, 8, 0);
+        }
+    }
+    // horizontal lines
+    pt1.y = draw_size; pt2.y = 0, pt_text.y = draw_size + 15;
+    for (i = 0; i <= number_of_lines; ++i) {
+        pt1.x = pt2.x = img_offset + (float)i * draw_size / number_of_lines;
+        cvLine(img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(224, 224, 224), 1, 8, 0);
+        if (i % 10 == 0) {
+            sprintf(char_buff, "%d", max_batches * i / number_of_lines);
+            pt_text.x = pt1.x - 20;
+            cvPutText(img, char_buff, pt_text, &font, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0));
+            cvLine(img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(128, 128, 128), 1, 8, 0);
+        }
+    }
+    cvPutText(img, "Iteration number", cvPoint(draw_size / 2, img_size - 10), &font, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0));
+    cvPutText(img, "Press 's' to save: chart.jpg", cvPoint(5, img_size - 10), &font, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0));
+    printf(" If error occurs - run training with flag: -dont_show \n");
+    cvNamedWindow("average loss", CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
+    cvMoveWindow("average loss", 0, 0);
+    cvResizeWindow("average loss", img_size, img_size);
+    cvShowImage("average loss", img);
+    cvWaitKey(20);
+    return img;
+}
+
+void draw_train_loss(IplImage* img, int img_size, float avg_loss, float max_img_loss, int current_batch, int max_batches)
+{
+    int img_offset = 50;
+    int draw_size = img_size - img_offset;
+    CvFont font;
+    cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX_SMALL, 0.7, 0.7, 0, 1, CV_AA);
+    char char_buff[100];
+    CvPoint pt1, pt2;
+    pt1.x = img_offset + draw_size * (float)current_batch / max_batches;
+    pt1.y = draw_size * (1 - avg_loss / max_img_loss);
+    if (pt1.y < 0) pt1.y = 1;
+    cvCircle(img, pt1, 1, CV_RGB(0, 0, 255), CV_FILLED, 8, 0);
+
+    sprintf(char_buff, "current avg loss = %2.4f", avg_loss);
+    pt1.x = img_size / 2, pt1.y = 30;
+    pt2.x = pt1.x + 250, pt2.y = pt1.y + 20;
+    cvRectangle(img, pt1, pt2, CV_RGB(255, 255, 255), CV_FILLED, 8, 0);
+    pt1.y += 15;
+    cvPutText(img, char_buff, pt1, &font, CV_RGB(0, 0, 0));
+    cvShowImage("average loss", img);
+    int k = cvWaitKey(20);
+    if (k == 's' || current_batch == (max_batches-1)) cvSaveImage("chart.jpg", img, 0);
+}
+#endif    // OPENCV
+
+void transpose_image(image im)
+{
+    assert(im.w == im.h);
+    int n, m;
+    int c;
+    for(c = 0; c < im.c; ++c){
+        for(n = 0; n < im.w-1; ++n){
+            for(m = n + 1; m < im.w; ++m){
+                float swap = im.data[m + im.w*(n + im.h*c)];
+                im.data[m + im.w*(n + im.h*c)] = im.data[n + im.w*(m + im.h*c)];
+                im.data[n + im.w*(m + im.h*c)] = swap;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void rotate_image_cw(image im, int times)
+{
+    assert(im.w == im.h);
+    times = (times + 400) % 4;
+    int i, x, y, c;
+    int n = im.w;
+    for(i = 0; i < times; ++i){
+        for(c = 0; c < im.c; ++c){
+            for(x = 0; x < n/2; ++x){
+                for(y = 0; y < (n-1)/2 + 1; ++y){
+                    float temp = im.data[y + im.w*(x + im.h*c)];
+                    im.data[y + im.w*(x + im.h*c)] = im.data[n-1-x + im.w*(y + im.h*c)];
+                    im.data[n-1-x + im.w*(y + im.h*c)] = im.data[n-1-y + im.w*(n-1-x + im.h*c)];
+                    im.data[n-1-y + im.w*(n-1-x + im.h*c)] = im.data[x + im.w*(n-1-y + im.h*c)];
+                    im.data[x + im.w*(n-1-y + im.h*c)] = temp;
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -124,6 +806,26 @@
 
 void normalize_image(image p)
 {
+    int i;
+    float min = 9999999;
+    float max = -999999;
+
+    for(i = 0; i < p.h*p.w*p.c; ++i){
+        float v = p.data[i];
+        if(v < min) min = v;
+        if(v > max) max = v;
+    }
+    if(max - min < .000000001){
+        min = 0;
+        max = 1;
+    }
+    for(i = 0; i < p.c*p.w*p.h; ++i){
+        p.data[i] = (p.data[i] - min)/(max-min);
+    }
+}
+
+void normalize_image2(image p)
+{
     float *min = calloc(p.c, sizeof(float));
     float *max = calloc(p.c, sizeof(float));
     int i,j;
@@ -159,10 +861,23 @@
     return copy;
 }
 
-void show_image(image p, char *name)
+void rgbgr_image(image im)
+{
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < im.w*im.h; ++i){
+        float swap = im.data[i];
+        im.data[i] = im.data[i+im.w*im.h*2];
+        im.data[i+im.w*im.h*2] = swap;
+    }
+}
+
+#ifdef OPENCV
+void show_image_cv(image p, const char *name)
 {
     int x,y,k;
     image copy = copy_image(p);
+    constrain_image(copy);
+    if(p.c == 3) rgbgr_image(copy);
     //normalize_image(copy);
 
     char buff[256];
@@ -171,7 +886,7 @@
 
     IplImage *disp = cvCreateImage(cvSize(p.w,p.h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, p.c);
     int step = disp->widthStep;
-    cvNamedWindow(buff, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); 
+    cvNamedWindow(buff, CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
     //cvMoveWindow(buff, 100*(windows%10) + 200*(windows/10), 100*(windows%10));
     ++windows;
     for(y = 0; y < p.h; ++y){
@@ -182,8 +897,8 @@
         }
     }
     free_image(copy);
-    if(disp->height < 500 || disp->width < 500 || disp->height > 1000){
-        int w = 500;
+    if(0){
+        int w = 448;
         int h = w*p.h/p.w;
         if(h > 1000){
             h = 1000;
@@ -191,22 +906,227 @@
         }
         IplImage *buffer = disp;
         disp = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w, h), buffer->depth, buffer->nChannels);
-        cvResize(buffer, disp, CV_INTER_NN);
+        cvResize(buffer, disp, CV_INTER_LINEAR);
         cvReleaseImage(&buffer);
     }
     cvShowImage(buff, disp);
+
     cvReleaseImage(&disp);
 }
 
-void save_image(image p, char *name)
-{
-    int x,y,k;
-    image copy = copy_image(p);
-    //normalize_image(copy);
 
+void show_image_cv_ipl(IplImage *disp, const char *name)
+{
+    if (disp == NULL) return;
     char buff[256];
     //sprintf(buff, "%s (%d)", name, windows);
-    sprintf(buff, "%s.png", name);
+    sprintf(buff, "%s", name);
+    cvNamedWindow(buff, CV_WINDOW_NORMAL);
+    //cvMoveWindow(buff, 100*(windows%10) + 200*(windows/10), 100*(windows%10));
+    ++windows;
+    cvShowImage(buff, disp);
+    //cvReleaseImage(&disp);
+}
+#endif
+
+void show_image(image p, const char *name)
+{
+#ifdef OPENCV
+    show_image_cv(p, name);
+#else
+    fprintf(stderr, "Not compiled with OpenCV, saving to %s.png instead\n", name);
+    save_image(p, name);
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifdef OPENCV
+
+image ipl_to_image(IplImage* src)
+{
+    unsigned char *data = (unsigned char *)src->imageData;
+    int h = src->height;
+    int w = src->width;
+    int c = src->nChannels;
+    int step = src->widthStep;
+    image out = make_image(w, h, c);
+    int i, j, k, count=0;;
+
+    for(k= 0; k < c; ++k){
+        for(i = 0; i < h; ++i){
+            for(j = 0; j < w; ++j){
+                out.data[count++] = data[i*step + j*c + k]/255.;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+image load_image_cv(char *filename, int channels)
+{
+    IplImage* src = 0;
+    int flag = -1;
+    if (channels == 0) flag = 1;
+    else if (channels == 1) flag = 0;
+    else if (channels == 3) flag = 1;
+    else {
+        fprintf(stderr, "OpenCV can't force load with %d channels\n", channels);
+    }
+
+    if( (src = cvLoadImage(filename, flag)) == 0 )
+    {
+        char shrinked_filename[1024];
+        if (strlen(filename) >= 1024) sprintf(shrinked_filename, "name is too long");
+        else sprintf(shrinked_filename, "%s", filename);
+        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot load image \"%s\"\n", shrinked_filename);
+        FILE* fw = fopen("bad.list", "a");
+        fwrite(shrinked_filename, sizeof(char), strlen(shrinked_filename), fw);
+        char *new_line = "\n";
+        fwrite(new_line, sizeof(char), strlen(new_line), fw);
+        fclose(fw);
+        return make_image(10,10,3);
+        //exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    image out = ipl_to_image(src);
+    cvReleaseImage(&src);
+    if (out.c > 1)
+        rgbgr_image(out);
+    return out;
+}
+
+image get_image_from_stream(CvCapture *cap)
+{
+    IplImage* src = cvQueryFrame(cap);
+    if (!src) return make_empty_image(0,0,0);
+    image im = ipl_to_image(src);
+    rgbgr_image(im);
+    return im;
+}
+
+image get_image_from_stream_cpp(CvCapture *cap)
+{
+    //IplImage* src = cvQueryFrame(cap);
+    IplImage* src;
+    static int once = 1;
+    if (once) {
+        once = 0;
+        do {
+            src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+            if (!src) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+        } while (src->width < 1 || src->height < 1 || src->nChannels < 1);
+        printf("Video stream: %d x %d \n", src->width, src->height);
+    }
+    else
+        src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+
+    if (!src) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+    image im = ipl_to_image(src);
+    rgbgr_image(im);
+    return im;
+}
+
+int wait_for_stream(CvCapture *cap, IplImage* src, int dont_close) {
+    if (!src) {
+        if (dont_close) src = cvCreateImage(cvSize(416, 416), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 3);
+        else return 0;
+    }
+    if (src->width < 1 || src->height < 1 || src->nChannels < 1) {
+        if (dont_close) {
+            cvReleaseImage(&src);
+            int z = 0;
+            for (z = 0; z < 20; ++z) {
+                get_webcam_frame(cap);
+                cvReleaseImage(&src);
+            }
+            src = cvCreateImage(cvSize(416, 416), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 3);
+        }
+        else return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+image get_image_from_stream_resize(CvCapture *cap, int w, int h, int c, IplImage** in_img, int cpp_video_capture, int dont_close)
+{
+    c = c ? c : 3;
+    IplImage* src;
+    if (cpp_video_capture) {
+        static int once = 1;
+        if (once) {
+            once = 0;
+            do {
+                src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+                if (!src) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+            } while (src->width < 1 || src->height < 1 || src->nChannels < 1);
+            printf("Video stream: %d x %d \n", src->width, src->height);
+        } else
+            src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+    }
+    else src = cvQueryFrame(cap);
+
+    if (cpp_video_capture)
+        if(!wait_for_stream(cap, src, dont_close)) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+    IplImage* new_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w, h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, c);
+    *in_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(src->width, src->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, c);
+    cvResize(src, *in_img, CV_INTER_LINEAR);
+    cvResize(src, new_img, CV_INTER_LINEAR);
+    image im = ipl_to_image(new_img);
+    cvReleaseImage(&new_img);
+    if (cpp_video_capture) cvReleaseImage(&src);
+    if (c>1)
+        rgbgr_image(im);
+    return im;
+}
+
+image get_image_from_stream_letterbox(CvCapture *cap, int w, int h, int c, IplImage** in_img, int cpp_video_capture, int dont_close)
+{
+    c = c ? c : 3;
+    IplImage* src;
+    if (cpp_video_capture) {
+        static int once = 1;
+        if (once) {
+            once = 0;
+            do {
+                src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+                if (!src) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+            } while (src->width < 1 || src->height < 1 || src->nChannels < 1);
+            printf("Video stream: %d x %d \n", src->width, src->height);
+        }
+        else
+            src = get_webcam_frame(cap);
+    }
+    else src = cvQueryFrame(cap);
+
+    if (cpp_video_capture)
+        if (!wait_for_stream(cap, src, dont_close)) return make_empty_image(0, 0, 0);
+    *in_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(src->width, src->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, c);
+    cvResize(src, *in_img, CV_INTER_LINEAR);
+    image tmp = ipl_to_image(src);
+    image im = letterbox_image(tmp, w, h);
+    free_image(tmp);
+    if (cpp_video_capture) cvReleaseImage(&src);
+    if (c>1) rgbgr_image(im);
+    return im;
+}
+
+int get_stream_fps(CvCapture *cap, int cpp_video_capture)
+{
+    int fps = 25;
+    if (cpp_video_capture) {
+        fps = get_stream_fps_cpp(cap);
+    }
+    else {
+        fps = cvGetCaptureProperty(cap, CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);
+    }
+    return fps;
+}
+
+void save_image_jpg(image p, const char *name)
+{
+    image copy = copy_image(p);
+    if(p.c == 3) rgbgr_image(copy);
+    int x,y,k;
+
+    char buff[256];
+    sprintf(buff, "%s.jpg", name);
 
     IplImage *disp = cvCreateImage(cvSize(p.w,p.h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, p.c);
     int step = disp->widthStep;
@@ -217,10 +1137,38 @@
             }
         }
     }
-    free_image(copy);
     cvSaveImage(buff, disp,0);
     cvReleaseImage(&disp);
+    free_image(copy);
 }
+#endif
+
+void save_image_png(image im, const char *name)
+{
+    char buff[256];
+    //sprintf(buff, "%s (%d)", name, windows);
+    sprintf(buff, "%s.png", name);
+    unsigned char *data = calloc(im.w*im.h*im.c, sizeof(char));
+    int i,k;
+    for(k = 0; k < im.c; ++k){
+        for(i = 0; i < im.w*im.h; ++i){
+            data[i*im.c+k] = (unsigned char) (255*im.data[i + k*im.w*im.h]);
+        }
+    }
+    int success = stbi_write_png(buff, im.w, im.h, im.c, data, im.w*im.c);
+    free(data);
+    if(!success) fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write image %s\n", buff);
+}
+
+void save_image(image im, const char *name)
+{
+#ifdef OPENCV
+    save_image_jpg(im, name);
+#else
+    save_image_png(im, name);
+#endif
+}
+
 
 void show_image_layers(image p, char *name)
 {
@@ -258,6 +1206,17 @@
     return out;
 }
 
+image make_random_image(int w, int h, int c)
+{
+    image out = make_empty_image(w,h,c);
+    out.data = calloc(h*w*c, sizeof(float));
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < w*h*c; ++i){
+        out.data[i] = (rand_normal() * .25) + .5;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
 image float_to_image(int w, int h, int c, float *data)
 {
     image out = make_empty_image(w,h,c);
@@ -265,6 +1224,26 @@
     return out;
 }
 
+
+image rotate_crop_image(image im, float rad, float s, int w, int h, float dx, float dy, float aspect)
+{
+    int x, y, c;
+    float cx = im.w/2.;
+    float cy = im.h/2.;
+    image rot = make_image(w, h, im.c);
+    for(c = 0; c < im.c; ++c){
+        for(y = 0; y < h; ++y){
+            for(x = 0; x < w; ++x){
+                float rx = cos(rad)*((x - w/2.)/s*aspect + dx/s*aspect) - sin(rad)*((y - h/2.)/s + dy/s) + cx;
+                float ry = sin(rad)*((x - w/2.)/s*aspect + dx/s*aspect) + cos(rad)*((y - h/2.)/s + dy/s) + cy;
+                float val = bilinear_interpolate(im, rx, ry, c);
+                set_pixel(rot, x, y, c, val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return rot;
+}
+
 image rotate_image(image im, float rad)
 {
     int x, y, c;
@@ -276,7 +1255,7 @@
             for(x = 0; x < im.w; ++x){
                 float rx = cos(rad)*(x-cx) - sin(rad)*(y-cy) + cx;
                 float ry = sin(rad)*(x-cx) + cos(rad)*(y-cy) + cy;
-                float val = billinear_interpolate(im, rx, ry, c);
+                float val = bilinear_interpolate(im, rx, ry, c);
                 set_pixel(rot, x, y, c, val);
             }
         }
@@ -296,26 +1275,6 @@
     for(i = 0; i < m.h*m.w*m.c; ++i) m.data[i] *= s;
 }
 
-image ipl_to_image(IplImage* src)
-{
-    unsigned char *data = (unsigned char *)src->imageData;
-    int h = src->height;
-    int w = src->width;
-    int c = src->nChannels;
-    int step = src->widthStep;
-    image out = make_image(w, h, c);
-    int i, j, k, count=0;;
-
-    for(k= 0; k < c; ++k){
-        for(i = 0; i < h; ++i){
-            for(j = 0; j < w; ++j){
-                out.data[count++] = data[i*step + j*c + k]/255.;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return out;
-}
-
 image crop_image(image im, int dx, int dy, int w, int h)
 {
     image cropped = make_image(w, h, im.c);
@@ -326,6 +1285,8 @@
                 int r = j + dy;
                 int c = i + dx;
                 float val = 0;
+                r = constrain_int(r, 0, im.h-1);
+                c = constrain_int(c, 0, im.w-1);
                 if (r >= 0 && r < im.h && c >= 0 && c < im.w) {
                     val = get_pixel(im, c, r, k);
                 }
@@ -336,6 +1297,179 @@
     return cropped;
 }
 
+int best_3d_shift_r(image a, image b, int min, int max)
+{
+    if(min == max) return min;
+    int mid = floor((min + max) / 2.);
+    image c1 = crop_image(b, 0, mid, b.w, b.h);
+    image c2 = crop_image(b, 0, mid+1, b.w, b.h);
+    float d1 = dist_array(c1.data, a.data, a.w*a.h*a.c, 10);
+    float d2 = dist_array(c2.data, a.data, a.w*a.h*a.c, 10);
+    free_image(c1);
+    free_image(c2);
+    if(d1 < d2) return best_3d_shift_r(a, b, min, mid);
+    else return best_3d_shift_r(a, b, mid+1, max);
+}
+
+int best_3d_shift(image a, image b, int min, int max)
+{
+    int i;
+    int best = 0;
+    float best_distance = FLT_MAX;
+    for(i = min; i <= max; i += 2){
+        image c = crop_image(b, 0, i, b.w, b.h);
+        float d = dist_array(c.data, a.data, a.w*a.h*a.c, 100);
+        if(d < best_distance){
+            best_distance = d;
+            best = i;
+        }
+        printf("%d %f\n", i, d);
+        free_image(c);
+    }
+    return best;
+}
+
+void composite_3d(char *f1, char *f2, char *out, int delta)
+{
+    if(!out) out = "out";
+    image a = load_image(f1, 0,0,0);
+    image b = load_image(f2, 0,0,0);
+    int shift = best_3d_shift_r(a, b, -a.h/100, a.h/100);
+
+    image c1 = crop_image(b, 10, shift, b.w, b.h);
+    float d1 = dist_array(c1.data, a.data, a.w*a.h*a.c, 100);
+    image c2 = crop_image(b, -10, shift, b.w, b.h);
+    float d2 = dist_array(c2.data, a.data, a.w*a.h*a.c, 100);
+
+    if(d2 < d1 && 0){
+        image swap = a;
+        a = b;
+        b = swap;
+        shift = -shift;
+        printf("swapped, %d\n", shift);
+    }
+    else{
+        printf("%d\n", shift);
+    }
+
+    image c = crop_image(b, delta, shift, a.w, a.h);
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < c.w*c.h; ++i){
+        c.data[i] = a.data[i];
+    }
+#ifdef OPENCV
+    save_image_jpg(c, out);
+#else
+    save_image(c, out);
+#endif
+}
+
+void fill_image(image m, float s)
+{
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < m.h*m.w*m.c; ++i) m.data[i] = s;
+}
+
+void letterbox_image_into(image im, int w, int h, image boxed)
+{
+    int new_w = im.w;
+    int new_h = im.h;
+    if (((float)w / im.w) < ((float)h / im.h)) {
+        new_w = w;
+        new_h = (im.h * w) / im.w;
+    }
+    else {
+        new_h = h;
+        new_w = (im.w * h) / im.h;
+    }
+    image resized = resize_image(im, new_w, new_h);
+    embed_image(resized, boxed, (w - new_w) / 2, (h - new_h) / 2);
+    free_image(resized);
+}
+
+image letterbox_image(image im, int w, int h)
+{
+    int new_w = im.w;
+    int new_h = im.h;
+    if (((float)w / im.w) < ((float)h / im.h)) {
+        new_w = w;
+        new_h = (im.h * w) / im.w;
+    }
+    else {
+        new_h = h;
+        new_w = (im.w * h) / im.h;
+    }
+    image resized = resize_image(im, new_w, new_h);
+    image boxed = make_image(w, h, im.c);
+    fill_image(boxed, .5);
+    //int i;
+    //for(i = 0; i < boxed.w*boxed.h*boxed.c; ++i) boxed.data[i] = 0;
+    embed_image(resized, boxed, (w - new_w) / 2, (h - new_h) / 2);
+    free_image(resized);
+    return boxed;
+}
+
+image resize_max(image im, int max)
+{
+    int w = im.w;
+    int h = im.h;
+    if(w > h){
+        h = (h * max) / w;
+        w = max;
+    } else {
+        w = (w * max) / h;
+        h = max;
+    }
+    if(w == im.w && h == im.h) return im;
+    image resized = resize_image(im, w, h);
+    return resized;
+}
+
+image resize_min(image im, int min)
+{
+    int w = im.w;
+    int h = im.h;
+    if(w < h){
+        h = (h * min) / w;
+        w = min;
+    } else {
+        w = (w * min) / h;
+        h = min;
+    }
+    if(w == im.w && h == im.h) return im;
+    image resized = resize_image(im, w, h);
+    return resized;
+}
+
+image random_crop_image(image im, int w, int h)
+{
+    int dx = rand_int(0, im.w - w);
+    int dy = rand_int(0, im.h - h);
+    image crop = crop_image(im, dx, dy, w, h);
+    return crop;
+}
+
+image random_augment_image(image im, float angle, float aspect, int low, int high, int size)
+{
+    aspect = rand_scale(aspect);
+    int r = rand_int(low, high);
+    int min = (im.h < im.w*aspect) ? im.h : im.w*aspect;
+    float scale = (float)r / min;
+
+    float rad = rand_uniform(-angle, angle) * TWO_PI / 360.;
+
+    float dx = (im.w*scale/aspect - size) / 2.;
+    float dy = (im.h*scale - size) / 2.;
+    if(dx < 0) dx = 0;
+    if(dy < 0) dy = 0;
+    dx = rand_uniform(-dx, dx);
+    dy = rand_uniform(-dy, dy);
+
+    image crop = rotate_crop_image(im, rad, scale, size, size, dx, dy, aspect);
+
+    return crop;
+}
+
 float three_way_max(float a, float b, float c)
 {
     return (a > b) ? ( (a > c) ? a : c) : ( (b > c) ? b : c) ;
@@ -355,16 +1489,16 @@
     float h, s, v;
     for(j = 0; j < im.h; ++j){
         for(i = 0; i < im.w; ++i){
-            r = get_pixel(im, i , j, 2);
+            r = get_pixel(im, i , j, 0);
             g = get_pixel(im, i , j, 1);
-            b = get_pixel(im, i , j, 0);
+            b = get_pixel(im, i , j, 2);
             float max = three_way_max(r,g,b);
             float min = three_way_min(r,g,b);
             float delta = max - min;
             v = max;
             if(max == 0){
                 s = 0;
-                h = -1;
+                h = 0;
             }else{
                 s = delta/max;
                 if(r == max){
@@ -375,6 +1509,7 @@
                     h = 4 + (r - g) / delta;
                 }
                 if (h < 0) h += 6;
+                h = h/6.;
             }
             set_pixel(im, i, j, 0, h);
             set_pixel(im, i, j, 1, s);
@@ -392,7 +1527,7 @@
     float f, p, q, t;
     for(j = 0; j < im.h; ++j){
         for(i = 0; i < im.w; ++i){
-            h = get_pixel(im, i , j, 0);
+            h = 6 * get_pixel(im, i , j, 0);
             s = get_pixel(im, i , j, 1);
             v = get_pixel(im, i , j, 2);
             if (s == 0) {
@@ -417,9 +1552,9 @@
                     r = v; g = p; b = q;
                 }
             }
-            set_pixel(im, i, j, 2, r);
+            set_pixel(im, i, j, 0, r);
             set_pixel(im, i, j, 1, g);
-            set_pixel(im, i, j, 0, b);
+            set_pixel(im, i, j, 2, b);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -428,8 +1563,8 @@
 {
     assert(im.c == 3);
     int i, j, k;
-    image gray = make_image(im.w, im.h, im.c);
-    float scale[] = {0.114, 0.587, 0.299};
+    image gray = make_image(im.w, im.h, 1);
+    float scale[] = {0.587, 0.299, 0.114};
     for(k = 0; k < im.c; ++k){
         for(j = 0; j < im.h; ++j){
             for(i = 0; i < im.w; ++i){
@@ -437,11 +1572,19 @@
             }
         }
     }
-    memcpy(gray.data + im.w*im.h*1, gray.data, sizeof(float)*im.w*im.h);
-    memcpy(gray.data + im.w*im.h*2, gray.data, sizeof(float)*im.w*im.h);
     return gray;
 }
 
+image threshold_image(image im, float thresh)
+{
+    int i;
+    image t = make_image(im.w, im.h, im.c);
+    for(i = 0; i < im.w*im.h*im.c; ++i){
+        t.data[i] = im.data[i]>thresh ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+    return t;
+}
+
 image blend_image(image fore, image back, float alpha)
 {
     assert(fore.w == back.w && fore.h == back.h && fore.c == back.c);
@@ -450,7 +1593,7 @@
     for(k = 0; k < fore.c; ++k){
         for(j = 0; j < fore.h; ++j){
             for(i = 0; i < fore.w; ++i){
-                float val = alpha * get_pixel(fore, i, j, k) + 
+                float val = alpha * get_pixel(fore, i, j, k) +
                     (1 - alpha)* get_pixel(back, i, j, k);
                 set_pixel(blend, i, j, k, val);
             }
@@ -471,6 +1614,29 @@
     }
 }
 
+void translate_image_channel(image im, int c, float v)
+{
+    int i, j;
+    for(j = 0; j < im.h; ++j){
+        for(i = 0; i < im.w; ++i){
+            float pix = get_pixel(im, i, j, c);
+            pix = pix+v;
+            set_pixel(im, i, j, c, pix);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+image binarize_image(image im)
+{
+    image c = copy_image(im);
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < im.w * im.h * im.c; ++i){
+        if(c.data[i] > .5) c.data[i] = 1;
+        else c.data[i] = 0;
+    }
+    return c;
+}
+
 void saturate_image(image im, float sat)
 {
     rgb_to_hsv(im);
@@ -479,6 +1645,19 @@
     constrain_image(im);
 }
 
+void hue_image(image im, float hue)
+{
+    rgb_to_hsv(im);
+    int i;
+    for(i = 0; i < im.w*im.h; ++i){
+        im.data[i] = im.data[i] + hue;
+        if (im.data[i] > 1) im.data[i] -= 1;
+        if (im.data[i] < 0) im.data[i] += 1;
+    }
+    hsv_to_rgb(im);
+    constrain_image(im);
+}
+
 void exposure_image(image im, float sat)
 {
     rgb_to_hsv(im);
@@ -487,6 +1666,36 @@
     constrain_image(im);
 }
 
+void distort_image(image im, float hue, float sat, float val)
+{
+    if (im.c >= 3)
+    {
+        rgb_to_hsv(im);
+        scale_image_channel(im, 1, sat);
+        scale_image_channel(im, 2, val);
+        int i;
+        for(i = 0; i < im.w*im.h; ++i){
+            im.data[i] = im.data[i] + hue;
+            if (im.data[i] > 1) im.data[i] -= 1;
+            if (im.data[i] < 0) im.data[i] += 1;
+        }
+        hsv_to_rgb(im);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        scale_image_channel(im, 0, val);
+    }
+    constrain_image(im);
+}
+
+void random_distort_image(image im, float hue, float saturation, float exposure)
+{
+    float dhue = rand_uniform_strong(-hue, hue);
+    float dsat = rand_scale(saturation);
+    float dexp = rand_scale(exposure);
+    distort_image(im, dhue, dsat, dexp);
+}
+
 void saturate_exposure_image(image im, float sat, float exposure)
 {
     rgb_to_hsv(im);
@@ -496,24 +1705,7 @@
     constrain_image(im);
 }
 
-/*
-image saturate_image(image im, float sat)
-{
-    image gray = grayscale_image(im);
-    image blend = blend_image(im, gray, sat);
-    free_image(gray);
-    constrain_image(blend);
-    return blend;
-}
-
-image brightness_image(image im, float b)
-{
-    image bright = make_image(im.w, im.h, im.c);
-    return bright;
-}
-*/
-
-float billinear_interpolate(image im, float x, float y, int c)
+float bilinear_interpolate(image im, float x, float y, int c)
 {
     int ix = (int) floorf(x);
     int iy = (int) floorf(y);
@@ -521,113 +1713,167 @@
     float dx = x - ix;
     float dy = y - iy;
 
-    float val = (1-dy) * (1-dx) * get_pixel_extend(im, ix, iy, c) + 
-        dy     * (1-dx) * get_pixel_extend(im, ix, iy+1, c) + 
+    float val = (1-dy) * (1-dx) * get_pixel_extend(im, ix, iy, c) +
+        dy     * (1-dx) * get_pixel_extend(im, ix, iy+1, c) +
         (1-dy) *   dx   * get_pixel_extend(im, ix+1, iy, c) +
         dy     *   dx   * get_pixel_extend(im, ix+1, iy+1, c);
     return val;
 }
 
-// #wikipedia
 image resize_image(image im, int w, int h)
 {
-    image resized = make_image(w, h, im.c);   
+    image resized = make_image(w, h, im.c);
+    image part = make_image(w, im.h, im.c);
     int r, c, k;
     float w_scale = (float)(im.w - 1) / (w - 1);
     float h_scale = (float)(im.h - 1) / (h - 1);
     for(k = 0; k < im.c; ++k){
-        for(r = 0; r < h; ++r){
+        for(r = 0; r < im.h; ++r){
             for(c = 0; c < w; ++c){
-                float sx = c*w_scale;
-                float sy = r*h_scale;
-                float val = billinear_interpolate(im, sx, sy, k);
-                set_pixel(resized, c, r, k, val);
+                float val = 0;
+                if(c == w-1 || im.w == 1){
+                    val = get_pixel(im, im.w-1, r, k);
+                } else {
+                    float sx = c*w_scale;
+                    int ix = (int) sx;
+                    float dx = sx - ix;
+                    val = (1 - dx) * get_pixel(im, ix, r, k) + dx * get_pixel(im, ix+1, r, k);
+                }
+                set_pixel(part, c, r, k, val);
             }
         }
     }
+    for(k = 0; k < im.c; ++k){
+        for(r = 0; r < h; ++r){
+            float sy = r*h_scale;
+            int iy = (int) sy;
+            float dy = sy - iy;
+            for(c = 0; c < w; ++c){
+                float val = (1-dy) * get_pixel(part, c, iy, k);
+                set_pixel(resized, c, r, k, val);
+            }
+            if(r == h-1 || im.h == 1) continue;
+            for(c = 0; c < w; ++c){
+                float val = dy * get_pixel(part, c, iy+1, k);
+                add_pixel(resized, c, r, k, val);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    free_image(part);
     return resized;
 }
 
+
 void test_resize(char *filename)
 {
-    image im = load_image(filename, 0,0);
-    image small = resize_image(im, 65, 63);
-    image big = resize_image(im, 513, 512);
-    image crop = crop_image(im, 50, 10, 100, 100);
-    image crop2 = crop_image(im, -30, -50, 291, 400);
-    image rot = rotate_image(big, .02);
-    image rot2 = rotate_image(big, 3.14159265/2.);
-    image test = rotate_image(im, .6);
+    image im = load_image(filename, 0,0, 3);
+    float mag = mag_array(im.data, im.w*im.h*im.c);
+    printf("L2 Norm: %f\n", mag);
     image gray = grayscale_image(im);
 
-    image sat2 = copy_image(im);
-    saturate_image(sat2, 2);
-    exposure_image(sat2, 2);
+    image c1 = copy_image(im);
+    image c2 = copy_image(im);
+    image c3 = copy_image(im);
+    image c4 = copy_image(im);
+    distort_image(c1, .1, 1.5, 1.5);
+    distort_image(c2, -.1, .66666, .66666);
+    distort_image(c3, .1, 1.5, .66666);
+    distort_image(c4, .1, .66666, 1.5);
 
-    image sat5 = copy_image(im);
-    saturate_image(sat5, 2);
-    exposure_image(sat5, .5);
 
-    image exp2 = copy_image(im);
-    saturate_image(exp2, .5);
-    exposure_image(exp2, 2);
+    show_image(im,   "Original");
+    show_image(gray, "Gray");
+    show_image(c1, "C1");
+    show_image(c2, "C2");
+    show_image(c3, "C3");
+    show_image(c4, "C4");
+#ifdef OPENCV
+    while(1){
+        image aug = random_augment_image(im, 0, .75, 320, 448, 320);
+        show_image(aug, "aug");
+        free_image(aug);
 
-    image exp5 = copy_image(im);
-    saturate_image(exp5, .5);
-    exposure_image(exp5, .5);
 
-    show_image(im, "original");
-    show_image(gray, "gray");
-    show_image(sat2, "sat2");
-    show_image(sat5, "sat5");
-    show_image(exp2, "exp2");
-    show_image(exp5, "exp5");
-    /*
-       show_image(small, "smaller");
-       show_image(big, "bigger");
-       show_image(crop, "crop");
-       show_image(crop2, "crop2");
-       show_image(rot, "rot");
-       show_image(rot2, "rot2");
-       show_image(test, "test");
-     */
-    cvWaitKey(0);
+        float exposure = 1.15;
+        float saturation = 1.15;
+        float hue = .05;
+
+        image c = copy_image(im);
+
+        float dexp = rand_scale(exposure);
+        float dsat = rand_scale(saturation);
+        float dhue = rand_uniform(-hue, hue);
+
+        distort_image(c, dhue, dsat, dexp);
+        show_image(c, "rand");
+        printf("%f %f %f\n", dhue, dsat, dexp);
+        free_image(c);
+        cvWaitKey(0);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+
+image load_image_stb(char *filename, int channels)
+{
+    int w, h, c;
+    unsigned char *data = stbi_load(filename, &w, &h, &c, channels);
+    if (!data) {
+        char shrinked_filename[1024];
+        if (strlen(filename) >= 1024) sprintf(shrinked_filename, "name is too long");
+        else sprintf(shrinked_filename, "%s", filename);
+        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot load image \"%s\"\nSTB Reason: %s\n", shrinked_filename, stbi_failure_reason());
+        FILE* fw = fopen("bad.list", "a");
+        fwrite(shrinked_filename, sizeof(char), strlen(shrinked_filename), fw);
+        char *new_line = "\n";
+        fwrite(new_line, sizeof(char), strlen(new_line), fw);
+        fclose(fw);
+        return make_image(10, 10, 3);
+        //exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    if(channels) c = channels;
+    int i,j,k;
+    image im = make_image(w, h, c);
+    for(k = 0; k < c; ++k){
+        for(j = 0; j < h; ++j){
+            for(i = 0; i < w; ++i){
+                int dst_index = i + w*j + w*h*k;
+                int src_index = k + c*i + c*w*j;
+                im.data[dst_index] = (float)data[src_index]/255.;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    free(data);
+    return im;
+}
+
+image load_image(char *filename, int w, int h, int c)
+{
+#ifdef OPENCV
+
+#ifndef CV_VERSION_EPOCH
+    //image out = load_image_stb(filename, c);    // OpenCV 3.x
+    image out = load_image_cv(filename, c);
+#else
+    image out = load_image_cv(filename, c);        // OpenCV 2.4.x
+#endif
+
+#else
+    image out = load_image_stb(filename, c);    // without OpenCV
+#endif
+
+    if((h && w) && (h != out.h || w != out.w)){
+        image resized = resize_image(out, w, h);
+        free_image(out);
+        out = resized;
+    }
+    return out;
 }
 
 image load_image_color(char *filename, int w, int h)
 {
-    IplImage* src = 0;
-    if( (src = cvLoadImage(filename, 1)) == 0 )
-    {
-        printf("Cannot load file image %s\n", filename);
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    image out = ipl_to_image(src);
-    if((h && w) && (h != out.h || w != out.w)){
-        image resized = resize_image(out, w, h);
-        free_image(out);
-        out = resized;
-    }
-    cvReleaseImage(&src);
-    return out;
-}
-
-image load_image(char *filename, int w, int h)
-{
-    IplImage* src = 0;
-    if( (src = cvLoadImage(filename,-1)) == 0 )
-    {
-        printf("Cannot load file image %s\n", filename);
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    image out = ipl_to_image(src);
-    if((h && w) && (h != out.h || w != out.w)){
-        image resized = resize_image(out, w, h);
-        free_image(out);
-        out = resized;
-    }
-    cvReleaseImage(&src);
-    return out;
+    return load_image(filename, w, h, 3);
 }
 
 image get_image_layer(image m, int l)
@@ -640,22 +1886,6 @@
     return out;
 }
 
-float get_pixel(image m, int x, int y, int c)
-{
-    assert(x < m.w && y < m.h && c < m.c);
-    return m.data[c*m.h*m.w + y*m.w + x];
-}
-float get_pixel_extend(image m, int x, int y, int c)
-{
-    if(x < 0 || x >= m.w || y < 0 || y >= m.h || c < 0 || c >= m.c) return 0;
-    return get_pixel(m, x, y, c);
-}
-void set_pixel(image m, int x, int y, int c, float val)
-{
-    assert(x < m.w && y < m.h && c < m.c);
-    m.data[c*m.h*m.w + y*m.w + x] = val;
-}
-
 void print_image(image m)
 {
     int i, j, k;
@@ -706,7 +1936,7 @@
         free_image(copy);
     }
     return filters;
-} 
+}
 
 image collapse_images_horz(image *ims, int n)
 {
@@ -742,11 +1972,29 @@
         free_image(copy);
     }
     return filters;
-} 
+}
+
+void show_image_normalized(image im, const char *name)
+{
+    image c = copy_image(im);
+    normalize_image(c);
+    show_image(c, name);
+    free_image(c);
+}
 
 void show_images(image *ims, int n, char *window)
 {
     image m = collapse_images_vert(ims, n);
+    /*
+       int w = 448;
+       int h = ((float)m.h/m.w) * 448;
+       if(h > 896){
+       h = 896;
+       w = ((float)m.w/m.h) * 896;
+       }
+       image sized = resize_image(m, w, h);
+     */
+    normalize_image(m);
     save_image(m, window);
     show_image(m, window);
     free_image(m);
@@ -754,5 +2002,7 @@
 
 void free_image(image m)
 {
-    free(m.data);
+    if(m.data){
+        free(m.data);
+    }
 }

--
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